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Planning & Risk: key terms, formulas and examples

Planning prepares you for the unpredictable: benchmarking, scenario planning, risk management and agile cycles. Core competencies show what to keep in-house.

Example

Prepare best, base and worst-case plans for next year's demand.

Takeaway

Plan in short cycles, review often and keep a backup plan.

Key terms

Benchmarking
Comparing your results with the best in your field.
Core competency
What a company does better than rivals and is hard to copy.
Risk management
Finding, ranking and reducing threats to a business.
Agile
Working in short cycles, learning and adjusting often.
Budget
A plan for how much money you expect to earn and spend.
Scenario planning
Preparing for several possible futures instead of betting on one.
Management by objectives
Setting goals together, then measuring results.
Span of control
The number of people a manager supervises.
Chain of command
The line of authority in an organization.

Formulas

PERT estimate(O + 4 × M + P) ÷ 6
Expected payoffp × G − (1 − p) × L

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